Loss of protein or blood in the urine:
If you notice that your urine is foamy, bloody, or dark-colored (especially if not accompanied by pain during urination), you should immediately perform a urine test for protein and blood. These findings may indicate a kidney disease that requires thorough investigation.
Resistant hypertension requires treatment adjustments:
The diagnosis and treatment of resistant hypertension are usually conducted outside the hospital setting. The treatment involves lifestyle changes and medication intake. When blood pressure remains uncontrolled despite a regimen that includes a low-sodium diet and three different medications, it is defined as resistant to treatment. If this diagnosis is confirmed through 24-hour automatic blood pressure monitoring (ambulatory blood pressure monitoring), further evaluation is conducted at the hypertension clinic (under the care of a nephrologist or cardiologist). The treatment will, of course, be tailored to the final diagnosis.
Renal complications of systemic diseases:
There are several diseases that affect the kidneys in addition to other systems in the body. The renal manifestations will be similar to what occurs in cases of acute kidney injury, protein or blood loss in the urine, and resistant hypertension (as mentioned above).
Disorders in blood electrolytes and acid-base balance:
These disorders are usually detected in routine blood tests, either during admission to the hospital or as part of an inpatient stay. There is a wide range of factors that can cause these disorders, and in order to determine the appropriate treatment, in-depth investigation is required.