In cardiothoracic surgeries, unlike other procedures, the anesthesiologist's focus is on monitoring the heart's functioning during and after the surgery. Prior to any procedure, the anesthesiologist will request a comprehensive review of the patient's medical condition, including any previous anesthetics and any pre-existing heart or chest-related issues. It is important to inform the anesthesiologist about current medications and drug allergies, where applicable. The anesthesiologist will then determine, in collaboration with the surgeon, the type of anesthesia required.
In surgeries for heart valve repair or replacement, the anesthesiologist is also responsible for continuous transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) monitoring. TEE involves inserting a probe into the esophagus to obtain a higher-quality view of the heart chambers. The close proximity of the miniature viewing device to the heart ensures optimal imaging and assessment of the repaired or replaced valve's functioning during the surgery. Detecting issues in real time helps prevent the need for repeat surgeries.
Cardiothoracic operations can last several hours, and the post-surgery awakening phase is likewise not comparable to other surgeries. The patient's gradual and monitored awakening takes place in a dedicated intensive care unit, the pace guided by vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and the patient's pain level during the initial stages of recovery.